As energy use keeps climbing every year, finding ways to keep the lights on during emergencies is becoming more important.
With a growing focus on the environment and new advances in energy tech, both homeowners and businesses are looking at alternative power options.
The two main choices for backup power are solar batteries and gas-powered generators, each with its own pros and cons. This article breaks down the benefits and drawbacks of both, helping you decide which one is right for you.
Advantages of Solar Batteries:
Low Operating Cost:
After solar batteries are installed they incur practically no operating costs.
The excess energy generated from solar panels provides free energy and solar panels typically have low maintenance requirements.
In contrast, gas generators require ongoing fuel purchases and maintenance to run efficiently.
Low Environmental Impact:
Solar batteries are highly regarded for their low environmental impact.
They store energy generated by solar panels, which is a clean and renewable source of energy.
Unlike gas-powered generators, solar batteries do not produce greenhouse gases or other pollutants, significantly reducing their carbon footprint.
Energy Independence:
Utilizing solar batteries enables homeowners and businesses to achieve a degree of energy independence.
During power outages, they can rely on stored solar energy instead of depending on the grid or fossil fuels. This is especially advantageous in areas susceptible to frequent blackouts.
Clean Energy Incentives:
Incentives such as the federal tax credit and other local state incentives and rebates help lower the cost of solar energy systems, storage included.
These incentives can help offset the initial investment costs, making solar storage systems more accessible and affordable.
Quiet Operation:
Solar batteries operate silently, which is a significant advantage over gas-powered generators that are very noisy when in use. This makes solar batteries ideal for residential areas where noise pollution can be a concern.
Daily Energy Draw:
One of the key benefits of a solar battery system is the ability to draw from it during the day. This lets the homeowner utilize solar energy during times of the day when the utility company generally charges more for electricity.
Utilizing solar batteries in this way can help further the cost efficiency offered by a solar system.
Disadvantages of Solar Batteries:
Higher Initial Cost:
One of the main drawbacks of solar batteries is the high initial cost.
The expense associated with purchasing solar panels, batteries, and installation can be substantial.
Although these costs have been decreasing, they can still be a significant barrier for many homeowners or business owners looking to capitalize on clean energy.
Weather Dependent:
The efficacy of a solar battery is dependent on the weather conditions of your area. In regions with limited sunlight or prolonged periods of cloudy weather, solar panels may not generate enough energy to charge the batteries fully.
This dependency can limit the reliability of solar batteries as a sole power source.
Space Requirements:
Installing a solar energy system requires adequate space for both solar panels and solar batteries.
Homes with limited roof space or significant shading issues might find it challenging to install an adequate system for their energy needs.
Limited Energy Storage Capacity:
Solar batteries have a finite storage capacity, meaning they can only store a certain amount of energy.
Once this energy is depleted, the batteries need to be recharged by sunlight, which may not be immediately available during a power outage.
Longevity:
Solar batteries, like any type of battery, have a finite lifespan. Over time, their ability to hold a charge diminished, causing an inevitable replacement.
Although there are many types of batteries each with their own chemistry, the average lifespan of a solar battery is anywhere between 5 to 15 years.
The average solar panel lasts between 25 to 30 years, so you can expect to replace your solar battery at least once during your tenure of harnessing solar energy. This key factor must be considered when evaluating the long-term cost efficiency of a solar storage system.
Advantages of Gas-Powered Generators:
Lower Initial Cost:
Gas-powered generators generally have a lower upfront cost compared to solar batteries.
This affordability makes them an attractive option for those seeking a cost-effective backup power solution.
Instant Power:
Gas-powered generators provide an immediate power supply during outages, capable of generating substantial amounts of electricity on demand.
This makes them a reliable option for emergency situations.
High Energy Output:
Generators can produce significant amounts of power, making them suitable for running multiple appliances and heavy machinery simultaneously.
This capacity is especially useful for businesses that cannot afford downtime during outages.
Fuel Availability:
Common fuels used in gas generators, such as gasoline, diesel, and propane, are widely available.
This accessibility ensures that fuel can be readily sourced, particularly during emergencies.
Longevity:
Gas-powered generators typically have a longer lifespan compared to solar batteries. With regular maintenance and proper care, gas generators can continue to operate effectively for 20 to 40 years.
In terms of longevity, generators often outperform solar batteries as a form of backup power.
Disadvantages of Gas-Powered Generators:
Operating Costs:
Although the initial cost may be lower, the operating costs of gas generators can accumulate over time.
When utilizing a generator, the cost of gas can be anywhere from $50 to $200 dollars per day to run the average home.
With components susceptible to wear and tear, generators are prone to yearly maintenance that can affect their overall performance and cost effectiveness.
The typical gas-powered backup generator costs between $200 to $300 dollars yearly in maintenance in order to run efficiently. Fuel prices fluctuate, and regular maintenance is necessary to ensure the generator is in good working condition.
Over the long term, these expenses can be considerable.
Environmental Impact:
One of the most significant drawbacks of gas-powered generators is their environmental impact. They release carbon dioxide and other pollutants, contributing to air pollution and climate change.
Additionally, the extraction and transportation of fossil fuels further exacerbate environmental degradation.
Safety Concerns:
Gas generators pose several safety risks. They can emit carbon monoxide, a colorless and odorless gas that can be deadly if inhaled in large quantities. Proper ventilation is essential to prevent carbon monoxide poisoning.
Also, handling and storing flammable fuels come with inherent fire hazards.
Dependent on Fuel Supply:
During major disasters or prolonged outages, access to fuel can be disrupted, making it difficult to obtain the necessary fuel to run the generator.
This dependence on external fuel sources can undermine the reliability of gas generators in critical situations.
Noise Pollution:
Gas generators are notorious for their being loud during use. The operation of a generator can be disruptive.
In residential areas or during nighttime, this form of backup energy can contribute heavily to noise pollution, a significant drawback for many users.
No Daily Use:
Energy produced by a generator can only be accessed in an emergency making the use of a generator far and few between. One of the key benefits of a solar battery is the ability to draw energy during the day to mitigate time-of-use utility charges of electricity.
Solar Battery vs. Gas Generator: 3-Day Blackout Cost Comparison
Let’s dive into an in-depth cost analysis comparing a solar battery system and a gas generator to power a home for a 3-day period during a blackout. For the purpose of this analysis, we will assume that both options are comparable in terms of initial installation cost.
Solar Battery System:
For the solar battery system, we’ll look at the Tesla Powerwall 2, a popular and widely used residential solar energy storage system. The Tesla Powerwall 2 has a storage capacity of 13.5 kWh and is suitable for providing backup power during outages.
Cost of Tesla Powerwall 2: Approximately $8,000 to $10,000 (excluding installation costs).
Installation Costs:
Installation costs for a solar battery system can vary depending on location, system configuration, and labor costs. On average, we can assume the installation costs for a Tesla Powerwall 2 to range from $2,000 to $4,000.
Total Cost:
Considering our mid-range estimates, the total cost of installing a Tesla Powerwall 2 solar battery system should be approximately $10,000 to $14,000.
Gas Generator:
For the gas generator, we’ll look at the Generac Guardian Series 22 kW standby generator, which is suitable for powering a typical residential home during outages. This generator runs on natural gas or propane and has an output capacity of 22,000 watts.
Cost of Generac Guardian Series 22 kW Standby Generator: Approximately $5,000 to $7,000 (excluding installation costs).
Installation Costs:
Installation costs for a standby generator include expenses such as permits, labor, and materials. For the Generac Guardian Series 22 kW standby generator, installation costs can range from $3,000 to $5,000.
Total Cost:
Considering our mid-range estimates, the total cost of installing a Generac Guardian Series 22 kW standby generator should be approximately $8,000 to $12,000.
Calculating Home Energy Needs for a 3-Day Blackout
To determine the amount of energy needed for a 3-day period, let’s first calculate the daily energy consumption of the home. Assuming a home that uses 7,000 kWh per year, the daily energy consumption would be approximately 19.18 kWh (7000 kWh / 365 days).
For a 3-day period, the total energy consumption would be approximately 57.54 kWh (19.18 kWh/day * 3 days). This will be our baseline total energy consumption for this analysis.
Operating Costs: Gas Generator vs. Solar Battery System
Gas Generator:
Fuel Costs:
The fuel consumption rate of the Generac Guardian Series 22 kW standby generator is approximately 2.9 gallons per hour at 50% load.
For a 3-day period, assuming continuous operation at 50% load, the total fuel consumption would be approximately 208.8 gallons.
Assuming a fuel cost of $3.00 per gallon, the total fuel cost would be approximately $626.40.
Solar Battery System:
The Tesla Powerwall 2 has a storage capacity of 13.5 kWh. To power the home for a 3-day period, multiple cycles of charging and discharging the battery would be required.
Assuming an average depth of discharge (DoD) of 80% for the battery, the usable capacity would be approximately 10.8 kWh (13.5 kWh * 80%).
The total energy consumption for a 3-day period is 57.54 kWh, so multiple cycles of charging and discharging the battery would be necessary.
The cost of charging the battery would depend on the electricity rate. Assuming an average electricity rate of $0.15 per kWh, the total cost of charging the battery would be approximately $8.63 (57.54 kWh * $0.15).
Total Cost Breakdown: Gas Generator vs. Solar Battery System
Gas Generator:
- Total installation cost: $8,000 to $12,000
- Total fuel cost for a 3-day period: approximately $626.40
Solar Battery System:
- Total installation cost: $10,000 to $14,000
Total charging cost for a 3-day period: approximately $8.63
An Unbiased Conclusion: Which is Better?
Choosing between a solar battery and a gas-powered generator depends on many factors, including individual needs, location, budget, and environmental considerations.
Solar Batteries are ideal for those prioritizing environmental sustainability, long-term savings, and quiet operation. They are especially beneficial in areas with ample sunlight and for users who can afford a slightly higher initial investment.
The ability to draw energy during the day from a solar battery makes them a key component in areas where utility providers charge high time-of-use increases on electricity.
However, their effectiveness is limited by weather conditions and energy storage capacity.
Gas-Powered Generators, on the other hand, offer immediate and high energy output, making them reliable during emergencies and for running multiple appliances simultaneously.
They are more affordable upfront and can be used in various weather conditions.
However, their environmental impact, ongoing operating costs, noise, and safety concerns are significant drawbacks.
Ultimately, the best choice depends on your specific circumstances.
For those looking to minimize their carbon footprint and take advantage of renewable energy, a solar battery system is the better option. It will most likely save more money in the long-run assuming you are in an area with high electric costs.
On the other hand, for users needing a robust, on-demand power supply without the higher initial cost, a gas-powered generator is more suitable.
Evaluate your particular needs and weigh the pros and cons of each system. This will guide you to the most appropriate decision for your home or business.
